![]() Gymnastics was included in the 1896 Summer Olympics, but female gymnasts were not allowed to participate in the Olympics until 1928. The organization initially included only three countries and was called the European Gymnastics Federation until 1921, when the first non-European countries joined and it was reorganized into its present form. The FIG was founded in 1881, and it remains the governing body of international gymnastics. Two of the first gymnastics clubs were Turnvereins and Sokols. The German educator Friedrich Ludwig Jahn, who was known as the father of gymnastics, invented several apparatuses, including the horizontal bar and parallel bars that are used to this day. The term "artistic gymnastics" was introduced to distinguish freestyle performances from those used by the military. In its present form, gymnastics evolved in Bohemia and what is now known as Germany at the beginning of the 19th century. ![]() It included many disciplines that later became independent sports, such as swimming, racing, wrestling, boxing, and horse riding. The gymnastic system was mentioned in writings by ancient authors, including Homer, Aristotle, and Plato. Artistic gymnastics is a popular spectator sport at many competitions, including the Summer Olympic Games.Ī gymnast performing on the parallel bars in 1962. Within individual countries, gymnastics is regulated by national federations like British Gymnastics and USA Gymnastics. ![]() Contributors of gymnastic code#The sport is governed by the Fédération Internationale de Gymnastique (FIG), which designs the Code of Points and regulates all aspects of elite international competition.
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